refactor(core): replace background job service (#34559)

packages/core/src/job.ts

@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
-export * as BackgroundJob from "./background-job"
+export * as Job from "./job"
 
 import { Cause, Clock, Context, Deferred, Effect, Exit, Layer, Scope, SynchronizedRef } from "effect"
-import { Identifier } from "./id/id"
 import { makeGlobalNode } from "./effect/app-node"
+import { Identifier } from "./id/id"
+import { SessionSchema } from "./session/schema"
 
 export type Status = "running" | "completed" | "error" | "cancelled"
 
@@ -21,14 +22,11 @@ export type Info = {
 type Active = {
   info: Info
   done: Deferred.Deferred<Info>
+  backgrounded: Deferred.Deferred<Info>
   scope: Scope.Closeable
   token: object
-  pending: number
+  blockingSessions: Map<SessionSchema.ID, number>
-  next: number
+  isBackgrounded: boolean
-  output?: { sequence: number; text: string }
-  tail: Deferred.Deferred<void>
-  promoted: Deferred.Deferred<Info>
-  onPromote?: Effect.Effect<void>
 }
 
 type State = {
@@ -42,36 +40,29 @@ type FinishResult = {
   scope?: Scope.Closeable
 }
 
-type PromoteResult = {
+type BackgroundResult = {
   info?: Info
-  promoted?: Deferred.Deferred<Info>
+  backgrounded?: Deferred.Deferred<Info>
-  onPromote?: Effect.Effect<void>
 }
 
 type StartResult = { info: Info } | { info: Info; scope: Scope.Closeable; token: object }
 
-type ExtendResult =
+type BlockWait = {
-  | { extended: false }
+  done: Deferred.Deferred<Info>
-  | {
+  backgrounded: Deferred.Deferred<Info>
-      extended: true
-      previous: Deferred.Deferred<void>
-      scope: Scope.Closeable
-      tail: Deferred.Deferred<void>
-      token: object
-      sequence: number
 }
 
+type BlockStart =
+  | { type: "missing" }
+  | { type: "finished"; info: Info }
+  | { type: "backgrounded"; info: Info }
+  | { type: "wait"; wait: BlockWait }
+
 export type StartInput = {
   id?: string
   type: string
   title?: string
   metadata?: Record<string, unknown>
-  onPromote?: Effect.Effect<void>
-  run: Effect.Effect<string, unknown>
-}
-
-export type ExtendInput = {
-  id: string
   run: Effect.Effect<string, unknown>
 }
 
@@ -85,18 +76,30 @@ export type WaitResult = {
   timedOut: boolean
 }
 
+export type BlockInput = {
+  id: string
+  sessionID: SessionSchema.ID
+}
+
+export type BlockResult = { type: "finished"; info: Info } | { type: "backgrounded"; info: Info }
+
+export type BackgroundAllInput = {
+  sessionID: SessionSchema.ID
+  type?: string
+}
+
 export interface Interface {
   readonly list: () => Effect.Effect<Info[]>
   readonly get: (id: string) => Effect.Effect<Info | undefined>
   readonly start: (input: StartInput) => Effect.Effect<Info>
-  readonly extend: (input: ExtendInput) => Effect.Effect<boolean>
   readonly wait: (input: WaitInput) => Effect.Effect<WaitResult>
-  readonly waitForPromotion: (id: string) => Effect.Effect<Info>
+  readonly block: (input: BlockInput) => Effect.Effect<BlockResult | undefined>
-  readonly promote: (id: string) => Effect.Effect<Info | undefined>
+  readonly background: (id: string) => Effect.Effect<Info | undefined>
+  readonly backgroundAll: (input: BackgroundAllInput) => Effect.Effect<Info[]>
   readonly cancel: (id: string) => Effect.Effect<Info | undefined>
 }
 
-export class Service extends Context.Service<Service, Interface>()("@opencode/BackgroundJob") {}
+export class Service extends Context.Service<Service, Interface>()("@opencode/Job") {}
 
 function snapshot(job: Active): Info {
   return {
@@ -110,6 +113,19 @@ function errorText(error: unknown) {
   return String(error)
 }
 
+function incrementSession(input: Map<SessionSchema.ID, number>, sessionID: SessionSchema.ID) {
+  return new Map(input).set(sessionID, (input.get(sessionID) ?? 0) + 1)
+}
+
+function decrementSession(input: Map<SessionSchema.ID, number>, sessionID: SessionSchema.ID) {
+  const count = input.get(sessionID)
+  if (count === undefined) return input
+  const next = new Map(input)
+  if (count <= 1) next.delete(sessionID)
+  else next.set(sessionID, count - 1)
+  return next
+}
+
 /**
  * Makes one scoped, process-local registry. Entries are intentionally not
  * durable: process restart or owner-scope closure loses status and interrupts
@@ -123,26 +139,13 @@ export const make = Effect.gen(function* () {
     scope: yield* Scope.Scope,
   }
 
-  const settle = Effect.fn("BackgroundJob.settle")(function* (
+  const settle = Effect.fn("Job.settle")(function* (id: string, token: object, exit: Exit.Exit<string, unknown>) {
-    id: string,
-    token: object,
-    sequence: number,
-    exit: Exit.Exit<string, unknown>,
-  ) {
     const completed_at = yield* Clock.currentTimeMillis
     const result = yield* SynchronizedRef.modify(state.jobs, (jobs): readonly [FinishResult, Map<string, Active>] => {
       const job = jobs.get(id)
       if (!job) return [{}, jobs]
       if (job.token !== token) return [{}, jobs]
       if (job.info.status !== "running") return [{ info: snapshot(job) }, jobs]
-      const pending = job.pending - 1
-      const output =
-        Exit.isSuccess(exit) && (!job.output || sequence > job.output.sequence)
-          ? { sequence, text: exit.value }
-          : job.output
-      if (Exit.isSuccess(exit) && pending > 0) {
-        return [{}, new Map(jobs).set(id, { ...job, pending, output })]
-      }
       const status: Exclude<Status, "running"> = Exit.isSuccess(exit)
         ? "completed"
         : Cause.hasInterruptsOnly(exit.cause)
@@ -150,14 +153,12 @@ export const make = Effect.gen(function* () {
           : "error"
       const next = {
         ...job,
-        onPromote: undefined,
+        blockingSessions: new Map<SessionSchema.ID, number>(),
-        pending: 0,
-        output,
         info: {
           ...job.info,
           status,
           completed_at,
-          ...(output ? { output: output.text } : {}),
+          ...(Exit.isSuccess(exit) ? { output: exit.value } : {}),
           ...(Exit.isFailure(exit) ? { error: errorText(Cause.squash(exit.cause)) } : {}),
         },
       }
@@ -170,43 +171,41 @@ export const make = Effect.gen(function* () {
     return result.info
   })
 
-  const fork = Effect.fn("BackgroundJob.fork")(function* (
+  const fork = Effect.fn("Job.fork")(function* (
     scope: Scope.Scope,
     id: string,
     token: object,
-    sequence: number,
     run: Effect.Effect<string, unknown>,
   ) {
     return yield* run.pipe(
       Effect.matchCauseEffect({
-        onSuccess: (output) => settle(id, token, sequence, Exit.succeed(output)),
+        onSuccess: (output) => settle(id, token, Exit.succeed(output)),
-        onFailure: (cause) => settle(id, token, sequence, Exit.failCause(cause)),
+        onFailure: (cause) => settle(id, token, Exit.failCause(cause)),
       }),
       Effect.asVoid,
       Effect.forkIn(scope, { startImmediately: true }),
     )
   })
 
-  const list: Interface["list"] = Effect.fn("BackgroundJob.list")(function* () {
+  const list: Interface["list"] = Effect.fn("Job.list")(function* () {
     return Array.from((yield* SynchronizedRef.get(state.jobs)).values())
       .map(snapshot)
       .toSorted((a, b) => a.started_at - b.started_at)
   })
 
-  const get: Interface["get"] = Effect.fn("BackgroundJob.get")(function* (id) {
+  const get: Interface["get"] = Effect.fn("Job.get")(function* (id) {
     const job = (yield* SynchronizedRef.get(state.jobs)).get(id)
-    if (!job) return
+    if (!job) return undefined
     return snapshot(job)
   })
 
-  const start: Interface["start"] = Effect.fn("BackgroundJob.start")(function* (input) {
+  const start: Interface["start"] = Effect.fn("Job.start")(function* (input) {
     return yield* Effect.uninterruptibleMask((restore) =>
       Effect.gen(function* () {
         const id = input.id ?? Identifier.ascending("job")
         const started_at = yield* Clock.currentTimeMillis
         const done = yield* Deferred.make<Info>()
-        const promoted = yield* Deferred.make<Info>()
+        const backgrounded = yield* Deferred.make<Info>()
-        const tail = yield* Deferred.make<void>()
         const result = yield* SynchronizedRef.modifyEffect(
           state.jobs,
           Effect.fnUntraced(function* (jobs) {
@@ -226,13 +225,11 @@ export const make = Effect.gen(function* () {
                 metadata: input.metadata,
               },
               done,
+              backgrounded,
               scope,
               token,
-              pending: 1,
+              blockingSessions: new Map<SessionSchema.ID, number>(),
-              next: 1,
+              isBackgrounded: false,
-              tail,
-              promoted,
-              onPromote: input.onPromote,
             }
             return [{ info: snapshot(job), scope, token }, new Map(jobs).set(id, job)] as readonly [
               StartResult,
@@ -240,56 +237,13 @@ export const make = Effect.gen(function* () {
             ]
           }),
         )
-        if ("scope" in result)
+        if ("scope" in result) yield* fork(result.scope, id, result.token, restore(input.run))
-          yield* fork(
-            result.scope,
-            id,
-            result.token,
-            0,
-            restore(input.run).pipe(Effect.ensuring(Deferred.succeed(tail, undefined))),
-          )
         return result.info
       }),
     )
   })
 
-  const extend: Interface["extend"] = Effect.fn("BackgroundJob.extend")(function* (input) {
+  const wait: Interface["wait"] = Effect.fn("Job.wait")(function* (input) {
-    return yield* Effect.uninterruptibleMask((restore) =>
-      Effect.gen(function* () {
-        const tail = yield* Deferred.make<void>()
-        const result = yield* SynchronizedRef.modify(
-          state.jobs,
-          (jobs): readonly [ExtendResult, Map<string, Active>] => {
-            const job = jobs.get(input.id)
-            if (!job || job.info.status !== "running") return [{ extended: false }, jobs]
-            return [
-              { extended: true, previous: job.tail, scope: job.scope, tail, token: job.token, sequence: job.next },
-              new Map(jobs).set(input.id, {
-                ...job,
-                pending: job.pending + 1,
-                next: job.next + 1,
-                tail,
-              }),
-            ]
-          },
-        )
-        if (!result.extended) return false
-        yield* fork(
-          result.scope,
-          input.id,
-          result.token,
-          result.sequence,
-          Deferred.await(result.previous).pipe(
-            Effect.andThen(restore(input.run)),
-            Effect.ensuring(Deferred.succeed(result.tail, undefined)),
-          ),
-        )
-        return true
-      }),
-    )
-  })
-
-  const wait: Interface["wait"] = Effect.fn("BackgroundJob.wait")(function* (input) {
     const job = (yield* SynchronizedRef.get(state.jobs)).get(input.id)
     if (!job) return { timedOut: false }
     if (job.info.status !== "running") return { info: snapshot(job), timedOut: false }
@@ -300,41 +254,91 @@ export const make = Effect.gen(function* () {
     return { info: snapshot(job), timedOut: true }
   })
 
-  const waitForPromotion: Interface["waitForPromotion"] = Effect.fn("BackgroundJob.waitForPromotion")(function* (id) {
+  const removeBlock = Effect.fn("Job.removeBlock")(function* (input: BlockInput) {
-    const job = (yield* SynchronizedRef.get(state.jobs)).get(id)
+    yield* SynchronizedRef.update(state.jobs, (jobs) => {
-    if (!job || job.info.status !== "running") return yield* Effect.never
+      const job = jobs.get(input.id)
-    if (job.info.metadata?.background === true) return snapshot(job)
+      if (!job || job.info.status !== "running" || job.isBackgrounded) return jobs
-    return yield* Deferred.await(job.promoted)
+      return new Map(jobs).set(input.id, {
+        ...job,
+        blockingSessions: decrementSession(job.blockingSessions, input.sessionID),
+      })
+    })
   })
 
-  const promote: Interface["promote"] = Effect.fn("BackgroundJob.promote")(function* (id) {
+  const block: Interface["block"] = Effect.fn("Job.block")(function* (input) {
-    const result = yield* SynchronizedRef.modifyEffect(
+    const result = yield* SynchronizedRef.modify(state.jobs, (jobs): readonly [BlockStart, Map<string, Active>] => {
+      const job = jobs.get(input.id)
+      if (!job) return [{ type: "missing" }, jobs]
+      if (job.info.status !== "running") return [{ type: "finished", info: snapshot(job) }, jobs]
+      if (job.isBackgrounded) return [{ type: "backgrounded", info: snapshot(job) }, jobs]
+      return [
+        { type: "wait", wait: { done: job.done, backgrounded: job.backgrounded } },
+        new Map(jobs).set(input.id, {
+          ...job,
+          blockingSessions: incrementSession(job.blockingSessions, input.sessionID),
+        }),
+      ]
+    })
+    if (result.type === "missing") return undefined
+    if (result.type === "finished") return { type: "finished", info: result.info }
+    if (result.type === "backgrounded") return { type: "backgrounded", info: result.info }
+    return yield* Effect.raceFirst(
+      Deferred.await(result.wait.done).pipe(Effect.map((info) => ({ type: "finished" as const, info }))),
+      Deferred.await(result.wait.backgrounded).pipe(Effect.map((info) => ({ type: "backgrounded" as const, info }))),
+    ).pipe(Effect.ensuring(removeBlock(input)))
+  })
+
+  const background: Interface["background"] = Effect.fn("Job.background")(function* (id) {
+    const result = yield* SynchronizedRef.modify(
       state.jobs,
-      Effect.fnUntraced(function* (jobs) {
+      (jobs): readonly [BackgroundResult, Map<string, Active>] => {
         const job = jobs.get(id)
-        if (!job || job.info.status !== "running") return [{}, jobs] as readonly [PromoteResult, Map<string, Active>]
+        if (!job || job.info.status !== "running") return [{}, jobs]
-        if (job.info.metadata?.background === true)
+        if (job.isBackgrounded) return [{ info: snapshot(job) }, jobs]
-          return [{ info: snapshot(job) }, jobs] as readonly [PromoteResult, Map<string, Active>]
         const next = {
           ...job,
-          onPromote: undefined,
+          isBackgrounded: true,
-          info: {
+          blockingSessions: new Map<SessionSchema.ID, number>(),
-            ...job.info,
-            metadata: { ...job.info.metadata, background: true },
-          },
         }
-        return [
+        return [{ info: snapshot(next), backgrounded: job.backgrounded }, new Map(jobs).set(id, next)]
-          { info: snapshot(next), onPromote: job.onPromote, promoted: job.promoted },
+      },
-          new Map(jobs).set(id, next),
-        ] as readonly [PromoteResult, Map<string, Active>]
-      }),
     )
-    if (result.info && result.promoted) yield* Deferred.succeed(result.promoted, result.info).pipe(Effect.ignore)
+    if (result.info && result.backgrounded)
-    if (result.onPromote) yield* result.onPromote.pipe(Effect.ignore)
+      yield* Deferred.succeed(result.backgrounded, result.info).pipe(Effect.ignore)
     return result.info
   })
 
-  const cancel: Interface["cancel"] = Effect.fn("BackgroundJob.cancel")(function* (id) {
+  const backgroundAll: Interface["backgroundAll"] = Effect.fn("Job.backgroundAll")(function* (input) {
+    const result = yield* SynchronizedRef.modify(
+      state.jobs,
+      (jobs): readonly [BackgroundResult[], Map<string, Active>] => {
+        const results: BackgroundResult[] = []
+        const next = new Map(jobs)
+        for (const [id, job] of jobs) {
+          if (job.info.status !== "running") continue
+          if (job.isBackgrounded) continue
+          if (input.type !== undefined && job.info.type !== input.type) continue
+          if (!job.blockingSessions.has(input.sessionID)) continue
+          const updated = {
+            ...job,
+            isBackgrounded: true,
+            blockingSessions: new Map<SessionSchema.ID, number>(),
+          }
+          results.push({ info: snapshot(updated), backgrounded: job.backgrounded })
+          next.set(id, updated)
+        }
+        return [results, next]
+      },
+    )
+    yield* Effect.forEach(
+      result,
+      (item) => (item.info && item.backgrounded ? Deferred.succeed(item.backgrounded, item.info) : Effect.void),
+      { discard: true },
+    )
+    return result.flatMap((item) => (item.info ? [item.info] : []))
+  })
+
+  const cancel: Interface["cancel"] = Effect.fn("Job.cancel")(function* (id) {
     const completed_at = yield* Clock.currentTimeMillis
     const result = yield* SynchronizedRef.modify(state.jobs, (jobs): readonly [FinishResult, Map<string, Active>] => {
       const job = jobs.get(id)
@@ -342,8 +346,7 @@ export const make = Effect.gen(function* () {
       if (job.info.status !== "running") return [{ info: snapshot(job) }, jobs]
       const next = {
         ...job,
-        onPromote: undefined,
+        blockingSessions: new Map<SessionSchema.ID, number>(),
-        pending: 0,
         info: {
           ...job.info,
           status: "cancelled" as const,
@@ -357,7 +360,7 @@ export const make = Effect.gen(function* () {
     return result.info
   })
 
-  return Service.of({ list, get, start, extend, wait, waitForPromotion, promote, cancel })
+  return Service.of({ list, get, start, wait, block, background, backgroundAll, cancel })
 })
 
 export const layer = Layer.effect(Service, make)

packages/core/src/tool/shell.ts

@@ -3,8 +3,8 @@ export * as ShellTool from "./shell"
 import path from "path"
 import { ToolFailure } from "@opencode-ai/llm"
 import { Effect, Layer, Schema, Scope } from "effect"
-import { BackgroundJob } from "../background-job"
 import { FSUtil } from "../fs-util"
+import { Job } from "../job"
 import { LocationMutation } from "../location-mutation"
 import { LocationServiceMap } from "../location-service-map"
 import { PermissionV2 } from "../permission"
@@ -74,8 +74,8 @@ const modelOutput = (output: Output): string | undefined => {
 // TODO: Restore PowerShell and cmd-specific invocation/path handling on Windows.
 // TODO: Add plugin shell.env environment augmentation once V2 plugin hooks exist.
 // TODO: Add durable/live progress metadata streaming for long-running commands once V2 tool invocation progress context is wired.
-// TODO: Persist background job status and define restart recovery before exposing remote observation.
+// TODO: Persist job status and define restart recovery before exposing remote observation.
-// TODO: Add HTTP background-job observation only after durable status, restart recovery, and authorization are defined.
+// TODO: Add HTTP job observation only after durable status, restart recovery, and authorization are defined.
 // TODO: Revisit process-group cleanup and platform coverage with shell-specific tests if current AppProcess semantics do not fully cover it.
 // TODO: Revisit binary output handling if stdout/stderr decoding is text-only.
 // TODO: Stream full shell output into managed storage while retaining only a bounded in-memory preview.
@@ -98,12 +98,12 @@ export const layer = Layer.effectDiscard(
   Effect.gen(function* () {
     const tools = yield* ApplicationTools.Service
     const sessions = yield* SessionV2.Service
-    const jobs = yield* BackgroundJob.Service
+    const jobs = yield* Job.Service
     const locations = yield* LocationServiceMap.Service
     const scope = yield* Scope.Scope
     const fsUtil = yield* FSUtil.Service
 
-    const injectWhenDone = Effect.fn("ShellTool.injectWhenDone")(function* (
+    const notifyWhenDone = Effect.fn("ShellTool.notifyWhenDone")(function* (
       sessionID: SessionSchema.ID,
       callID: string,
       command: string,
@@ -121,9 +121,9 @@ export const layer = Layer.effectDiscard(
           if (state === undefined) return Effect.void
           const text =
             state === "completed"
-              ? result.info!.output ?? ""
+              ? (result.info!.output ?? "")
               : state === "error"
-                ? result.info!.error ?? "Command failed"
+                ? (result.info!.error ?? "Command failed")
                 : "Command cancelled"
           return sessions.synthetic({
             sessionID,
@@ -156,9 +156,7 @@ export const layer = Layer.effectDiscard(
             Effect.gen(function* () {
               const parent = yield* sessions
                 .get(context.sessionID)
-                .pipe(
+                .pipe(Effect.mapError(() => new ToolFailure({ message: `Session not found: ${context.sessionID}` })))
-                  Effect.mapError(() => new ToolFailure({ message: `Session not found: ${context.sessionID}` })),
-                )
               return yield* Effect.gen(function* () {
                 const mutation = yield* LocationMutation.Service
                 const shell = yield* Shell.Service
@@ -203,6 +201,7 @@ export const layer = Layer.effectDiscard(
                       timeout,
                       metadata: { sessionID: context.sessionID },
                     })
+                    return yield* Effect.gen(function* () {
                       const final = yield* shell.wait(info.id)
                       const page = yield* shell.output(info.id, { limit: MAX_CAPTURE_BYTES })
 
@@ -213,6 +212,7 @@ export const layer = Layer.effectDiscard(
                       const body = page.output || "(no output)"
                       const notice = truncated ? `\n\n[output truncated; full output saved to: ${final.file}]` : ""
                       return `${body}${notice}`
+                    }).pipe(Effect.onInterrupt(() => shell.remove(info.id).pipe(Effect.ignore)))
                   })
 
                   const info = yield* jobs.start({
@@ -220,10 +220,10 @@ export const layer = Layer.effectDiscard(
                     type: name,
                     title: input.command,
                     metadata: { sessionID: context.sessionID },
-                    onPromote: injectWhenDone(context.sessionID, context.toolCallID, input.command),
                     run: run(),
                   })
-                  yield* injectWhenDone(context.sessionID, context.toolCallID, input.command)
+                  yield* jobs.background(info.id)
+                  yield* notifyWhenDone(context.sessionID, context.toolCallID, input.command)
                   return {
                     output: BACKGROUND_STARTED,
                     truncated: false,
@@ -262,7 +262,7 @@ export const layer = Layer.effectDiscard(
                   status: "completed" as const,
                   ...(warnings.length ? { warnings } : {}),
                 }
-              }).pipe(Effect.provide(locations.get(parent.location))) as Effect.Effect<Schema.Schema.Type<typeof Output>, ToolFailure>
+              }).pipe(Effect.provide(locations.get(parent.location)))
             }).pipe(Effect.mapError(() => new ToolFailure({ message: `Unable to execute command: ${input.command}` }))),
         }),
       })
@@ -273,5 +273,5 @@ export const layer = Layer.effectDiscard(
 export const node = makeGlobalNode({
   name: "shell-tool",
   layer,
-  deps: [ApplicationTools.node, SessionV2.node, BackgroundJob.node, LocationServiceMap.node, FSUtil.node],
+  deps: [ApplicationTools.node, SessionV2.node, Job.node, LocationServiceMap.node, FSUtil.node],
 })

packages/core/src/tool/subagent.ts

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ export * as SubagentTool from "./subagent"
 import { ToolFailure } from "@opencode-ai/llm"
 import { Effect, Layer, Schema, Scope } from "effect"
 import { AgentV2 } from "../agent"
-import { BackgroundJob } from "../background-job"
+import { Job } from "../job"
 import { LocationServiceMap } from "../location-service-map"
 import { SessionV2 } from "../session"
 import { SessionSchema } from "../session/schema"
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ export const layer = Layer.effectDiscard(
   Effect.gen(function* () {
     const tools = yield* ApplicationTools.Service
     const sessions = yield* SessionV2.Service
-    const jobs = yield* BackgroundJob.Service
+    const jobs = yield* Job.Service
     const locations = yield* LocationServiceMap.Service
     const scope = yield* Scope.Scope
 
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ export const layer = Layer.effectDiscard(
       })
     })
 
-    const injectWhenDone = Effect.fn("SubagentTool.injectWhenDone")(function* (
+    const notifyWhenDone = Effect.fn("SubagentTool.notifyWhenDone")(function* (
       parentID: SessionSchema.ID,
       childID: SessionSchema.ID,
       description: string,
@@ -138,37 +138,37 @@ export const layer = Layer.effectDiscard(
                 yield* sessions.prompt({ sessionID: child.id, prompt: { text: input.prompt }, resume: false })
                 yield* sessions.resume(child.id)
                 return yield* latestAssistantText(child.id)
-              })
+              }).pipe(Effect.onInterrupt(() => sessions.interrupt(child.id)))
 
               const info = yield* jobs.start({
                 id: child.id,
                 type: name,
                 title: input.description,
                 metadata: {},
-                onPromote: injectWhenDone(context.sessionID, child.id, input.description),
                 run,
               })
 
               if (background) {
-                if ((yield* jobs.promote(info.id)) === undefined)
+                yield* jobs.background(info.id)
-                  yield* injectWhenDone(context.sessionID, child.id, input.description)
+                yield* notifyWhenDone(context.sessionID, child.id, input.description)
                 return { sessionID: child.id, status: "running" as const, output: BACKGROUND_STARTED }
               }
 
-              const result = yield* Effect.raceFirst(
+              const result = yield* jobs
-                jobs.wait({ id: child.id }).pipe(Effect.map((waited) => waited.info)),
+                .block({ id: child.id, sessionID: context.sessionID })
-                jobs.waitForPromotion(child.id),
+                .pipe(
-              ).pipe(
                   Effect.onInterrupt(() =>
                     Effect.all([sessions.interrupt(child.id), jobs.cancel(child.id)], { discard: true }),
                   ),
                 )
-              if (result?.metadata?.background === true)
+              if (result?.type === "backgrounded") {
+                yield* notifyWhenDone(context.sessionID, child.id, input.description)
                 return { sessionID: child.id, status: "running" as const, output: BACKGROUND_STARTED }
-              if (result?.status === "error")
+              }
-                return yield* new ToolFailure({ message: result.error ?? "Subagent failed" })
+              if (result?.info.status === "error")
-              if (result?.status === "cancelled") return yield* new ToolFailure({ message: "Subagent cancelled" })
+                return yield* new ToolFailure({ message: result.info.error ?? "Subagent failed" })
-              return { sessionID: child.id, status: "completed" as const, output: result?.output ?? NO_TEXT }
+              if (result?.info.status === "cancelled") return yield* new ToolFailure({ message: "Subagent cancelled" })
+              return { sessionID: child.id, status: "completed" as const, output: result?.info.output ?? NO_TEXT }
             }),
         }),
       })
@@ -182,5 +182,5 @@ export const layer = Layer.effectDiscard(
 export const node = makeGlobalNode({
   name: "subagent-tool",
   layer,
-  deps: [ApplicationTools.node, SessionV2.node, BackgroundJob.node, LocationServiceMap.node],
+  deps: [ApplicationTools.node, SessionV2.node, Job.node, LocationServiceMap.node],
 })

packages/core/test/background-job.test.ts

@@ -1,103 +0,0 @@
-import { describe, expect } from "bun:test"
-import { BackgroundJob } from "@opencode-ai/core/background-job"
-import { Deferred, Effect, Exit, Scope } from "effect"
-import { it } from "./lib/effect"
-
-describe("BackgroundJob", () => {
-  it.live("tracks process-local work through explicit observation", () =>
-    Effect.gen(function* () {
-      const jobs = yield* BackgroundJob.Service
-      const latch = yield* Deferred.make<void>()
-      const job = yield* jobs.start({
-        type: "test",
-        metadata: { durable: false },
-        run: Deferred.await(latch).pipe(Effect.as("done")),
-      })
-
-      expect(job).toMatchObject({ type: "test", status: "running", metadata: { durable: false } })
-      expect(yield* jobs.wait({ id: job.id, timeout: 0 })).toMatchObject({
-        timedOut: true,
-        info: { status: "running" },
-      })
-
-      yield* Deferred.succeed(latch, undefined)
-      expect(yield* jobs.wait({ id: job.id })).toMatchObject({
-        timedOut: false,
-        info: { status: "completed", output: "done" },
-      })
-    }).pipe(Effect.provide(BackgroundJob.layer)),
-  )
-
-  it.live("publishes jobs before starting immediately settling work", () =>
-    Effect.gen(function* () {
-      const jobs = yield* BackgroundJob.Service
-
-      yield* Effect.forEach(Array.from({ length: 100 }), (_, index) => {
-        const id = `job_immediate_start_${index}`
-        return Effect.gen(function* () {
-          const job = yield* jobs.start({
-            id,
-            type: "test",
-            run: jobs
-              .get(id)
-              .pipe(
-                Effect.flatMap((info) =>
-                  info?.status === "running"
-                    ? Effect.succeed(`done-${index}`)
-                    : Effect.fail("job started before publish"),
-                ),
-              ),
-          })
-
-          expect(yield* jobs.wait({ id: job.id })).toMatchObject({
-            timedOut: false,
-            info: { status: "completed", output: `done-${index}` },
-          })
-        })
-      })
-    }).pipe(Effect.provide(BackgroundJob.layer)),
-  )
-
-  it.live("increments pending work before starting immediately settling extensions", () =>
-    Effect.gen(function* () {
-      const jobs = yield* BackgroundJob.Service
-
-      yield* Effect.forEach(Array.from({ length: 100 }), (_, index) =>
-        Effect.gen(function* () {
-          const first = yield* Deferred.make<void>()
-          const job = yield* jobs.start({
-            type: "test",
-            run: Deferred.await(first).pipe(Effect.as(`first-${index}`)),
-          })
-
-          expect(yield* jobs.extend({ id: job.id, run: Effect.succeed(`second-${index}`) })).toBe(true)
-          expect((yield* jobs.get(job.id))?.status).toBe("running")
-
-          yield* Deferred.succeed(first, undefined)
-          expect(yield* jobs.wait({ id: job.id })).toMatchObject({
-            timedOut: false,
-            info: { status: "completed", output: `second-${index}` },
-          })
-        }),
-      )
-    }).pipe(Effect.provide(BackgroundJob.layer)),
-  )
-
-  it.live("interrupts live work without promising settlement after the owning process-local scope closes", () =>
-    Effect.gen(function* () {
-      const scope = yield* Scope.make()
-      const interrupted = yield* Deferred.make<void>()
-      const jobs = yield* BackgroundJob.make.pipe(Scope.provide(scope))
-      const job = yield* jobs.start({
-        type: "test",
-        run: Effect.never.pipe(Effect.ensuring(Deferred.succeed(interrupted, undefined))),
-      })
-
-      yield* Scope.close(scope, Exit.void)
-
-      yield* Deferred.await(interrupted).pipe(Effect.timeout("1 second"))
-      // The abandoned in-memory registry is not a durable observation channel.
-      expect((yield* jobs.get(job.id))?.status).toBe("running")
-    }),
-  )
-})

packages/core/test/job.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,164 @@
+import { describe, expect } from "bun:test"
+import { Job } from "@opencode-ai/core/job"
+import { Deferred, Effect, Exit, Fiber, Scope } from "effect"
+import { SessionSchema } from "@opencode-ai/core/session/schema"
+import { testEffect } from "./lib/effect"
+
+const it = testEffect(Job.layer)
+
+describe("Job", () => {
+  it.live("tracks process-local work through explicit observation", () =>
+    Effect.gen(function* () {
+      const jobs = yield* Job.Service
+      const latch = yield* Deferred.make<void>()
+      const job = yield* jobs.start({
+        type: "test",
+        metadata: { durable: false },
+        run: Deferred.await(latch).pipe(Effect.as("done")),
+      })
+
+      expect(job).toMatchObject({ type: "test", status: "running", metadata: { durable: false } })
+      expect(yield* jobs.wait({ id: job.id, timeout: 0 })).toMatchObject({
+        timedOut: true,
+        info: { status: "running" },
+      })
+
+      yield* Deferred.succeed(latch, undefined)
+      expect(yield* jobs.wait({ id: job.id })).toMatchObject({
+        timedOut: false,
+        info: { status: "completed", output: "done" },
+      })
+    }),
+  )
+
+  it.live("publishes jobs before starting immediately settling work", () =>
+    Effect.gen(function* () {
+      const jobs = yield* Job.Service
+
+      yield* Effect.forEach(Array.from({ length: 100 }), (_, index) => {
+        const id = `job_immediate_start_${index}`
+        return Effect.gen(function* () {
+          const job = yield* jobs.start({
+            id,
+            type: "test",
+            run: jobs
+              .get(id)
+              .pipe(
+                Effect.flatMap((info) =>
+                  info?.status === "running"
+                    ? Effect.succeed(`done-${index}`)
+                    : Effect.fail("job started before publish"),
+                ),
+              ),
+          })
+
+          expect(yield* jobs.wait({ id: job.id })).toMatchObject({
+            timedOut: false,
+            info: { status: "completed", output: `done-${index}` },
+          })
+        })
+      })
+    }),
+  )
+
+  it.live("returns finished from a blocking wait when completion wins", () =>
+    Effect.gen(function* () {
+      const jobs = yield* Job.Service
+      const latch = yield* Deferred.make<void>()
+      const job = yield* jobs.start({ type: "test", run: Deferred.await(latch).pipe(Effect.as("done")) })
+      const waiting = yield* jobs
+        .block({ id: job.id, sessionID: SessionSchema.ID.make("ses_parent") })
+        .pipe(Effect.forkIn(yield* Scope.Scope, { startImmediately: true }))
+
+      yield* Deferred.succeed(latch, undefined)
+
+      expect(yield* Fiber.join(waiting)).toMatchObject({
+        type: "finished",
+        info: { status: "completed", output: "done" },
+      })
+      expect(yield* jobs.background(job.id)).toBeUndefined()
+    }),
+  )
+
+  it.live("returns backgrounded from a blocking wait when background wins", () =>
+    Effect.gen(function* () {
+      const jobs = yield* Job.Service
+      const latch = yield* Deferred.make<void>()
+      const job = yield* jobs.start({ type: "test", run: Deferred.await(latch).pipe(Effect.as("done")) })
+      const waiting = yield* jobs
+        .block({ id: job.id, sessionID: SessionSchema.ID.make("ses_parent") })
+        .pipe(Effect.forkIn(yield* Scope.Scope, { startImmediately: true }))
+
+      expect(yield* jobs.background(job.id)).toMatchObject({ id: job.id, status: "running" })
+      expect(yield* Fiber.join(waiting)).toMatchObject({
+        type: "backgrounded",
+        info: { id: job.id, status: "running" },
+      })
+
+      yield* Deferred.succeed(latch, undefined)
+      expect(yield* jobs.wait({ id: job.id })).toMatchObject({
+        timedOut: false,
+        info: { status: "completed", output: "done" },
+      })
+    }),
+  )
+
+  it.live("backgrounds only jobs actively blocking a session", () =>
+    Effect.gen(function* () {
+      const jobs = yield* Job.Service
+      const parent = SessionSchema.ID.make("ses_parent")
+      const other = SessionSchema.ID.make("ses_other")
+      const latch = yield* Deferred.make<void>()
+      const first = yield* jobs.start({
+        id: "job_first",
+        type: "test",
+        run: Deferred.await(latch).pipe(Effect.as("first")),
+      })
+      const second = yield* jobs.start({
+        id: "job_second",
+        type: "test",
+        run: Deferred.await(latch).pipe(Effect.as("second")),
+      })
+      const third = yield* jobs.start({
+        id: "job_third",
+        type: "other",
+        run: Deferred.await(latch).pipe(Effect.as("third")),
+      })
+      const scope = yield* Scope.Scope
+      const firstWait = yield* jobs
+        .block({ id: first.id, sessionID: parent })
+        .pipe(Effect.forkIn(scope, { startImmediately: true }))
+      const secondWait = yield* jobs
+        .block({ id: second.id, sessionID: other })
+        .pipe(Effect.forkIn(scope, { startImmediately: true }))
+      const thirdWait = yield* jobs
+        .block({ id: third.id, sessionID: parent })
+        .pipe(Effect.forkIn(scope, { startImmediately: true }))
+
+      expect(yield* jobs.backgroundAll({ sessionID: parent, type: "test" })).toMatchObject([{ id: first.id }])
+      expect(yield* Fiber.join(firstWait)).toMatchObject({ type: "backgrounded", info: { id: first.id } })
+
+      yield* Deferred.succeed(latch, undefined)
+      expect(yield* Fiber.join(secondWait)).toMatchObject({ type: "finished", info: { id: second.id } })
+      expect(yield* Fiber.join(thirdWait)).toMatchObject({ type: "finished", info: { id: third.id } })
+    }),
+  )
+
+  it.live("interrupts live work without promising settlement after the owning process-local scope closes", () =>
+    Effect.gen(function* () {
+      const scope = yield* Scope.make()
+      const interrupted = yield* Deferred.make<void>()
+      const jobs = yield* Job.make.pipe(Scope.provide(scope))
+      const job = yield* jobs.start({
+        type: "test",
+        run: Effect.never.pipe(Effect.ensuring(Deferred.succeed(interrupted, undefined))),
+      })
+
+      yield* Scope.close(scope, Exit.void)
+
+      yield* Deferred.await(interrupted).pipe(Effect.timeout("1 second"))
+      // The abandoned in-memory registry is not a durable observation channel.
+      expect((yield* jobs.get(job.id))?.status).toBe("running")
+    }),
+  )
+})

packages/core/test/tool-shell.test.ts

@@ -17,12 +17,11 @@ import { ModelV2 } from "@opencode-ai/core/model"
 import { ProviderV2 } from "@opencode-ai/core/provider"
 import { AbsolutePath } from "@opencode-ai/core/schema"
 import { AgentV2 } from "@opencode-ai/core/agent"
-import { BackgroundJob } from "@opencode-ai/core/background-job"
+import { Job } from "@opencode-ai/core/job"
 import { SessionV2 } from "@opencode-ai/core/session"
 import { SessionEvent } from "@opencode-ai/core/session/event"
 import { SessionExecution } from "@opencode-ai/core/session/execution"
 import { SessionMessage } from "@opencode-ai/core/session/message"
-import { SessionRunnerModel } from "@opencode-ai/core/session/runner/model"
 import { SessionStore } from "@opencode-ai/core/session/store"
 import { PermissionV2 } from "@opencode-ai/core/permission"
 import { ShellTool } from "@opencode-ai/core/tool/shell"
@@ -120,7 +119,7 @@ const layer = AppNodeBuilder.build(
     LayerNode.group([
       Database.node,
       EventV2.node,
-      BackgroundJob.node,
+      Job.node,
       ToolOutputStore.cleanupNode,
       SessionV2.node,
       ShellTool.node,
@@ -155,10 +154,7 @@ const overflowCommand = (bytes: number) =>
     ? `[Console]::Out.Write(('x' * ${bytes})); Start-Sleep -Milliseconds 100`
     : `head -c ${bytes} /dev/zero | tr '\\0' 'x'`
 
-const withSession = <A, E, R>(
+const withSession = <A, E, R>(directory: string, body: (registry: ToolRegistry.Interface) => Effect.Effect<A, E, R>) =>
-  directory: string,
-  body: (registry: ToolRegistry.Interface) => Effect.Effect<A, E, R>,
-) =>
   Effect.gen(function* () {
     const sessions = yield* SessionV2.Service
     const location = Location.Ref.make({ directory: AbsolutePath.make(directory) })
@@ -214,9 +210,7 @@ describe("ShellTool", () => {
         reset()
         return Effect.promise(() => fs.mkdir(path.join(tmp.path, "src"))).pipe(
           Effect.andThen(
-            withSession(tmp.path, (registry) =>
+            withSession(tmp.path, (registry) => settleTool(registry, call({ command: cwdCommand, workdir: "src" }))),
-              settleTool(registry, call({ command: cwdCommand, workdir: "src" })),
-            ),
           ),
           Effect.andThen((settled) =>
             Effect.sync(() =>
@@ -247,9 +241,7 @@ describe("ShellTool", () => {
             : Effect.void
         return Effect.promise(() => fs.mkdir(workdir)).pipe(
           Effect.andThen(
-            withSession(tmp.path, (registry) =>
+            withSession(tmp.path, (registry) => executeTool(registry, call({ command: cwdCommand, workdir: "src" }))),
-              executeTool(registry, call({ command: cwdCommand, workdir: "src" })),
-            ),
           ),
           Effect.andThen(Effect.sync(() => expect(assertions.map((input) => input.action)).toEqual(["shell"]))),
         )
@@ -314,9 +306,7 @@ describe("ShellTool", () => {
         reset()
         denyAction = "external_directory"
         const target = path.join(outside.path, "secret.txt")
-        return withSession(active.path, (registry) =>
+        return withSession(active.path, (registry) => settleTool(registry, call({ command: `cat ${target}` }))).pipe(
-          settleTool(registry, call({ command: `cat ${target}` })),
-        ).pipe(
           Effect.andThen((settled) =>
             Effect.sync(() => {
               expect(assertions.map((item) => item.action)).toEqual(["shell"])
@@ -417,7 +407,7 @@ test("keeps locked deferred parity TODOs visible", async () => {
     "Restore PowerShell and cmd-specific invocation/path handling on Windows.",
     "Add plugin shell.env environment augmentation once V2 plugin hooks exist.",
     "Add durable/live progress metadata streaming for long-running commands once V2 tool invocation progress context is wired.",
-    "Persist background job status and define restart recovery before exposing remote observation.",
+    "Persist job status and define restart recovery before exposing remote observation.",
     "Revisit process-group cleanup and platform coverage with shell-specific tests if current AppProcess semantics do not fully cover it.",
     "Revisit binary output handling if stdout/stderr decoding is text-only.",
     "Stream full shell output into managed storage while retaining only a bounded in-memory preview.",

packages/core/test/tool-subagent.test.ts

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ import { ModelV2 } from "@opencode-ai/core/model"
 import { ProviderV2 } from "@opencode-ai/core/provider"
 import { AbsolutePath } from "@opencode-ai/core/schema"
 import { AgentV2 } from "@opencode-ai/core/agent"
-import { BackgroundJob } from "@opencode-ai/core/background-job"
+import { Job } from "@opencode-ai/core/job"
 import { LocationServiceMap } from "@opencode-ai/core/location-service-map"
 import { SessionV2 } from "@opencode-ai/core/session"
 import { SessionEvent } from "@opencode-ai/core/session/event"
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ const layer = AppNodeBuilder.build(
     LayerNode.group([
       Database.node,
       EventV2.node,
-      BackgroundJob.node,
+      Job.node,
       ToolOutputStore.cleanupNode,
       SessionV2.node,
       SubagentTool.node,
@@ -242,7 +242,7 @@ describe("SubagentTool", () => {
     ),
   )
 
-  it.live("promotes background work and injects one synthetic parent completion", () =>
+  it.live("notifies once when background work completes", () =>
     Effect.acquireRelease(
       Effect.promise(() => tmpdir()),
       (dir) => Effect.promise(() => dir[Symbol.asyncDispose]()),
@@ -251,7 +251,6 @@ describe("SubagentTool", () => {
         Effect.gen(function* () {
           const location = Location.Ref.make({ directory: AbsolutePath.make(dir.path) })
           const sessions = yield* SessionV2.Service
-          const jobs = yield* BackgroundJob.Service
           const parent = yield* sessions.create({ location })
           yield* withSubagent(parent.location)
           const locations = yield* LocationServiceMap.Service
@@ -270,7 +269,6 @@ describe("SubagentTool", () => {
           const childID = outputSessionID(settled.output?.structured)
           expect(settled.output?.structured).toMatchObject({ status: "running" })
 
-          yield* jobs.promote(childID)
           yield* Effect.yieldNow
           const synthetic = (yield* sessions.context(parent.id)).filter((message) => message.type === "synthetic")
           expect(synthetic).toHaveLength(1)

packages/opencode/src/effect/app-runtime.ts

@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ import { ShareNext } from "@/share/share-next"
 import { SessionShare } from "@/share/session"
 import { Npm } from "@opencode-ai/core/npm"
 import { memoMap } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/memo-map"
-import { BackgroundJob } from "@/background/job"
+import { Job } from "@/job"
 import { RuntimeFlags } from "@/effect/runtime-flags"
 import { EventV2Bridge } from "@/event-v2-bridge"
 
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ export const AppLayer = Layer.mergeAll(
   Todo.defaultLayer,
   Session.defaultLayer,
   SessionStatus.defaultLayer,
-  BackgroundJob.defaultLayer,
+  Job.defaultLayer,
   RuntimeFlags.defaultLayer,
   EventV2Bridge.defaultLayer,
   SessionRunState.defaultLayer,

packages/opencode/src/job.ts

@@ -1,32 +1,34 @@
 import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
-import { BackgroundJob as CoreBackgroundJob } from "@opencode-ai/core/background-job"
+import { Service, make } from "@opencode-ai/core/job"
 import { InstanceState } from "@/effect/instance-state"
 import { Effect, Layer } from "effect"
 
 export {
   Service,
-  type ExtendInput,
+  type BackgroundAllInput,
+  type BlockInput,
+  type BlockResult,
   type Info,
   type Interface,
   type StartInput,
   type Status,
   type WaitInput,
   type WaitResult,
-} from "@opencode-ai/core/background-job"
+} from "@opencode-ai/core/job"
 
 /** Keeps the legacy service instance-scoped while sharing the core registry engine. */
 export const layer = Layer.effect(
-  CoreBackgroundJob.Service,
+  Service,
   Effect.gen(function* () {
-    const state = yield* InstanceState.make(() => CoreBackgroundJob.make)
+    const state = yield* InstanceState.make(() => make)
-    return CoreBackgroundJob.Service.of({
+    return Service.of({
       list: () => InstanceState.useEffect(state, (jobs) => jobs.list()),
       get: (id) => InstanceState.useEffect(state, (jobs) => jobs.get(id)),
       start: (input) => InstanceState.useEffect(state, (jobs) => jobs.start(input)),
-      extend: (input) => InstanceState.useEffect(state, (jobs) => jobs.extend(input)),
       wait: (input) => InstanceState.useEffect(state, (jobs) => jobs.wait(input)),
-      waitForPromotion: (id) => InstanceState.useEffect(state, (jobs) => jobs.waitForPromotion(id)),
+      block: (input) => InstanceState.useEffect(state, (jobs) => jobs.block(input)),
-      promote: (id) => InstanceState.useEffect(state, (jobs) => jobs.promote(id)),
+      background: (id) => InstanceState.useEffect(state, (jobs) => jobs.background(id)),
+      backgroundAll: (input) => InstanceState.useEffect(state, (jobs) => jobs.backgroundAll(input)),
       cancel: (id) => InstanceState.useEffect(state, (jobs) => jobs.cancel(id)),
     })
   }),
@@ -34,6 +36,6 @@ export const layer = Layer.effect(
 
 export const defaultLayer = layer
 
-export const node = LayerNode.make({ service: CoreBackgroundJob.Service, layer, deps: [] })
+export const node = LayerNode.make({ service: Service, layer, deps: [] })
 
-export * as BackgroundJob from "./job"
+export * as Job from "./job"

packages/opencode/src/server/routes/instance/httpapi/handlers/experimental.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { Account } from "@/account/account"
 import { Agent } from "@/agent/agent"
-import { BackgroundJob } from "@/background/job"
+import { Job } from "@/job"
 import { Config } from "@/config/config"
 import { InstanceState } from "@/effect/instance-state"
 import { RuntimeFlags } from "@/effect/runtime-flags"
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ export const experimentalHandlers = HttpApiBuilder.group(InstanceHttpApi, "exper
     const registry = yield* ToolRegistry.Service
     const worktreeSvc = yield* Worktree.Service
     const sessions = yield* Session.Service
-    const background = yield* BackgroundJob.Service
+    const jobs = yield* Job.Service
     const flags = yield* RuntimeFlags.Service
 
     const capabilities = Effect.fn("ExperimentalHttpApi.capabilities")(function* () {
@@ -159,15 +159,7 @@ export const experimentalHandlers = HttpApiBuilder.group(InstanceHttpApi, "exper
       params: { sessionID: SessionID }
     }) {
       if (!flags.experimentalBackgroundSubagents) return false
-      const jobs = (yield* background.list()).filter(
+      return (yield* jobs.backgroundAll({ sessionID: ctx.params.sessionID, type: "task" })).length > 0
-        (job) =>
-          job.type === "task" &&
-          job.status === "running" &&
-          job.metadata?.parentSessionId === ctx.params.sessionID &&
-          job.metadata.background !== true,
-      )
-      const promoted = yield* Effect.forEach(jobs, (job) => background.promote(job.id), { concurrency: "unbounded" })
-      return promoted.some((job) => job !== undefined)
     })
 
     const resource = Effect.fn("ExperimentalHttpApi.resource")(function* () {

packages/opencode/src/server/routes/instance/httpapi/server.ts

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ import * as Observability from "@opencode-ai/core/observability"
 import { Account } from "@/account/account"
 import { Agent } from "@/agent/agent"
 import { Auth } from "@/auth"
-import { BackgroundJob } from "@/background/job"
+import { Job } from "@/job"
 import { Command } from "@/command"
 import { Config } from "@/config/config"
 import { Workspace } from "@/control-plane/workspace"
@@ -233,7 +233,7 @@ const app = LayerNode.group([
   Session.node,
   SessionProjector.node,
   SessionStatus.node,
-  BackgroundJob.node,
+  Job.node,
   RuntimeFlags.node,
   EventV2Bridge.node,
   SessionRunState.node,

packages/opencode/src/session/run-state.ts

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
 import { InstanceState } from "@/effect/instance-state"
 import { SessionV1 } from "@opencode-ai/core/v1/session"
 import { Runner } from "@/effect/runner"
-import { BackgroundJob } from "@/background/job"
+import { Job } from "@/job"
 import { Effect, Latch, Layer, Scope, Context } from "effect"
 import { Session } from "./session"
 import { SessionID } from "./schema"
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ export class Service extends Context.Service<Service, Interface>()("@opencode/Se
 export const layer = Layer.effect(
   Service,
   Effect.gen(function* () {
-    const background = yield* BackgroundJob.Service
+    const jobs = yield* Job.Service
     const status = yield* SessionStatus.Service
 
     const state = yield* InstanceState.make(
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ export const layer = Layer.effect(
     })
 
     const cancel = Effect.fn("SessionRunState.cancel")(function* (sessionID: SessionID) {
-      yield* cancelBackgroundJobs(background, sessionID)
+      yield* cancelJobs(jobs, sessionID)
       const data = yield* InstanceState.get(state)
       const existing = data.runners.get(sessionID)
       if (!existing) {
@@ -108,31 +108,25 @@ export const layer = Layer.effect(
   }),
 )
 
-export const defaultLayer = layer.pipe(
+export const defaultLayer = layer.pipe(Layer.provide(Job.defaultLayer), Layer.provide(SessionStatus.defaultLayer))
-  Layer.provide(BackgroundJob.defaultLayer),
-  Layer.provide(SessionStatus.defaultLayer),
-)
 
-const cancelBackgroundJobs = Effect.fn("SessionRunState.cancelBackgroundJobs")(function* (
+const cancelJobs = Effect.fn("SessionRunState.cancelJobs")(function* (jobs: Job.Interface, sessionID: SessionID) {
-  background: BackgroundJob.Interface,
+  const running = yield* jobs.list()
-  sessionID: SessionID,
-) {
-  const jobs = yield* background.list()
   const pending = new Set<string>([sessionID])
   const cancelled = new Set<string>()
-  const matches = (job: BackgroundJob.Info) => {
+  const matches = (job: Job.Info) => {
     if (job.status !== "running") return false
     if (cancelled.has(job.id)) return false
     if (pending.has(job.id)) return true
     if (typeof job.metadata?.sessionId === "string" && pending.has(job.metadata.sessionId)) return true
     return typeof job.metadata?.parentSessionId === "string" && pending.has(job.metadata.parentSessionId)
   }
-  let batch = jobs.filter(matches)
+  let batch = running.filter(matches)
   while (batch.length > 0) {
     yield* Effect.forEach(
       batch,
       (job) =>
-        background.cancel(job.id).pipe(
+        jobs.cancel(job.id).pipe(
           Effect.tap(() =>
             Effect.sync(() => {
               cancelled.add(job.id)
@@ -143,7 +137,7 @@ const cancelBackgroundJobs = Effect.fn("SessionRunState.cancelBackgroundJobs")(f
         ),
       { concurrency: "unbounded", discard: true },
     )
-    batch = jobs.filter(matches)
+    batch = running.filter(matches)
   }
 })
 
@@ -151,6 +145,6 @@ function busyError(sessionID: SessionID) {
   return new Session.BusyError({ sessionID })
 }
 
-export const node = LayerNode.make({ service: Service, layer: layer, deps: [BackgroundJob.node, SessionStatus.node] })
+export const node = LayerNode.make({ service: Service, layer: layer, deps: [Job.node, SessionStatus.node] })
 
 export * as SessionRunState from "./run-state"

packages/opencode/src/session/session.ts

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import { Slug } from "@opencode-ai/core/util/slug"
 import { SessionV1 } from "@opencode-ai/core/v1/session"
 import { serviceUse } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/service-use"
 import path from "path"
-import { BackgroundJob } from "@/background/job"
+import { Job } from "@/job"
 import { Decimal } from "decimal.js"
 import type { ProviderMetadata, Usage } from "@opencode-ai/llm"
 import { InstallationVersion } from "@opencode-ai/core/installation/version"
@@ -491,13 +491,13 @@ export type Patch = Omit<Partial<Info>, "time" | "share" | "summary" | "revert"
 export const layer: Layer.Layer<
   Service,
   never,
-  BackgroundJob.Service | RuntimeFlags.Service | Database.Service | EventV2Bridge.Service
+  Job.Service | RuntimeFlags.Service | Database.Service | EventV2Bridge.Service
 > = Layer.effect(
   Service,
   Effect.gen(function* () {
     const { db } = yield* Database.Service
     const database = yield* Database.Service
-    const background = yield* BackgroundJob.Service
+    const jobs = yield* Job.Service
     const events = yield* EventV2Bridge.Service
     const flags = yield* RuntimeFlags.Service
 
@@ -618,7 +618,7 @@ export const layer: Layer.Layer<
           Effect.catchCause(() => Effect.succeed(false)),
         )
 
-        if (hasInstance) yield* cancelBackgroundJobs(background, sessionID)
+        if (hasInstance) yield* cancelJobs(jobs, sessionID)
         const kids = yield* children(sessionID)
         for (const child of kids) {
           yield* remove(child.id)
@@ -941,7 +941,7 @@ export const layer: Layer.Layer<
 )
 
 export const defaultLayer = layer.pipe(
-  Layer.provide(BackgroundJob.defaultLayer),
+  Layer.provide(Job.defaultLayer),
   Layer.provide(Database.defaultLayer),
   Layer.provide(EventV2Bridge.defaultLayer),
   Layer.provide(
@@ -953,19 +953,16 @@ export const defaultLayer = layer.pipe(
   Layer.provide(RuntimeFlags.defaultLayer),
 )
 
-const cancelBackgroundJobs = Effect.fn("Session.cancelBackgroundJobs")(function* (
+const cancelJobs = Effect.fn("Session.cancelJobs")(function* (jobs: Job.Interface, sessionID: SessionID) {
-  background: BackgroundJob.Interface,
+  const running = yield* jobs.list()
-  sessionID: SessionID,
-) {
-  const jobs = yield* background.list()
   yield* Effect.forEach(
-    jobs.filter((job) => {
+    running.filter((job) => {
       if (job.status !== "running") return false
       if (job.id === sessionID) return true
       if (job.metadata?.sessionId === sessionID) return true
       return job.metadata?.parentSessionId === sessionID
     }),
-    (job) => background.cancel(job.id),
+    (job) => jobs.cancel(job.id),
     { concurrency: "unbounded", discard: true },
   )
 })
@@ -1098,7 +1095,7 @@ export function* listGlobal(input?: {
 export const node = LayerNode.make({
   service: Service,
   layer: layer,
-  deps: [BackgroundJob.node, RuntimeFlags.node, Database.node, EventV2Bridge.node],
+  deps: [Job.node, RuntimeFlags.node, Database.node, EventV2Bridge.node],
 })
 
 export * as Session from "./session"

packages/opencode/src/tool/registry.ts

@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ import { EventV2Bridge } from "@/event-v2-bridge"
 import { Agent } from "../agent/agent"
 import { Skill } from "../skill"
 import { Permission } from "@/permission"
-import { BackgroundJob } from "@/background/job"
+import { Job } from "@/job"
 import { RuntimeFlags } from "@/effect/runtime-flags"
 import { ProviderV2 } from "@opencode-ai/core/provider"
 import { ModelV2 } from "@opencode-ai/core/model"
@@ -325,7 +325,7 @@ export const defaultLayer = Layer.suspend(() =>
       Layer.provide(Skill.defaultLayer),
       Layer.provide(Agent.defaultLayer),
       Layer.provide(Session.defaultLayer),
-      Layer.provide(BackgroundJob.defaultLayer),
+      Layer.provide(Job.defaultLayer),
       Layer.provide(Provider.defaultLayer),
       Layer.provide(LSP.defaultLayer),
       Layer.provide(Instruction.defaultLayer),
@@ -426,7 +426,7 @@ export const node = LayerNode.make({
     Agent.node,
     Skill.node,
     Session.node,
-    BackgroundJob.node,
+    Job.node,
     Provider.node,
     LSP.node,
     Instruction.node,

packages/opencode/src/tool/task.ts

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import * as Tool from "./tool"
 import DESCRIPTION from "./task.txt"
 import { ToolJsonSchema } from "./json-schema"
 import { SessionV1 } from "@opencode-ai/core/v1/session"
-import { BackgroundJob } from "@/background/job"
+import { Job } from "@/job"
 import { Session } from "@/session/session"
 import { SessionID, MessageID } from "../session/schema"
 import { MessageV2 } from "../session/message-v2"
@@ -33,11 +33,11 @@ const BACKGROUND_STARTED = [
   "DO NOT sleep, poll for progress, ask the task for status, or duplicate this task's work — avoid working with the same files or topics it is using.",
   "Work on non-overlapping tasks, or briefly tell the user what you launched and end your response.",
 ].join("\n")
-const BACKGROUND_UPDATED = [
+const BACKGROUND_ALREADY_RUNNING = [
-  "Additional context sent to the running background task.",
+  "The task is already working in the background.",
   "The task is still working in the background. You will be notified automatically when it finishes.",
   "DO NOT sleep, poll for progress, ask the task for status, or duplicate this task's work — avoid working with the same files or topics it is using.",
-  "Work on non-overlapping tasks, or briefly tell the user what you sent and end your response.",
+  "Work on non-overlapping tasks, or briefly tell the user it is still running and end your response.",
 ].join("\n")
 
 const BaseParameterFields = {
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ export const TaskTool = Tool.define(
   id,
   Effect.gen(function* () {
     const agent = yield* Agent.Service
-    const background = yield* BackgroundJob.Service
+    const jobs = yield* Job.Service
     const config = yield* Config.Service
     const sessions = yield* Session.Service
     const scope = yield* Scope.Scope
@@ -229,7 +229,7 @@ export const TaskTool = Tool.define(
       })
 
       const notify = Effect.fn("TaskTool.notifyBackgroundResult")(function* (jobID: string) {
-        yield* background.wait({ id: jobID }).pipe(
+        yield* jobs.wait({ id: jobID }).pipe(
           Effect.flatMap((result) => {
             if (result.info?.status === "completed") return inject("completed", result.info.output ?? "")
             if (result.info?.status === "error") return inject("error", result.info.error ?? "")
@@ -239,7 +239,8 @@ export const TaskTool = Tool.define(
         )
       })
 
-      if (yield* background.extend({ id: nextSession.id, run: runTask() })) {
+      const existing = yield* jobs.get(nextSession.id)
+      if (existing?.status === "running") {
         return {
           title: params.description,
           metadata: {
@@ -250,24 +251,17 @@ export const TaskTool = Tool.define(
           output: renderOutput({
             sessionID: nextSession.id,
             state: "running",
-            summary: "Background task updated",
+            summary: "Background task already running",
-            text: BACKGROUND_UPDATED,
+            text: BACKGROUND_ALREADY_RUNNING,
           }),
         }
       }
 
-      const info = yield* background.start({
+      const info = yield* jobs.start({
         id: nextSession.id,
         type: id,
         title: params.description,
         metadata,
-        onPromote: Effect.all([
-          ctx.metadata({
-            title: params.description,
-            metadata: { ...metadata, background: true, jobId: nextSession.id },
-          }),
-          notify(nextSession.id),
-        ]),
         run: runTask().pipe(Effect.onInterrupt(() => ops.cancel(nextSession.id))),
       })
 
@@ -289,6 +283,7 @@ export const TaskTool = Tool.define(
       }
 
       if (runInBackground) {
+        yield* jobs.background(info.id)
         yield* notify(info.id)
         return backgroundResult()
       }
@@ -306,23 +301,27 @@ export const TaskTool = Tool.define(
         }),
         () =>
           Effect.gen(function* () {
-            const result = yield* Effect.raceFirst(
+            const result = yield* jobs.block({ id: nextSession.id, sessionID: ctx.sessionID })
-              background.wait({ id: nextSession.id }).pipe(Effect.map((waited) => waited.info)),
+            if (result?.type === "backgrounded") {
-              background.waitForPromotion(nextSession.id),
+              yield* ctx.metadata({
-            )
+                title: params.description,
-            if (result?.metadata?.background === true) return backgroundResult()
+                metadata: { ...metadata, background: true, jobId: nextSession.id },
-            if (result?.status === "error") return yield* Effect.fail(new Error(result.error ?? "Task failed"))
+              })
-            if (result?.status === "cancelled") return yield* Effect.fail(new Error("Task cancelled"))
+              yield* notify(nextSession.id)
+              return backgroundResult()
+            }
+            if (result?.info.status === "error")
+              return yield* Effect.fail(new Error(result.info.error ?? "Task failed"))
+            if (result?.info.status === "cancelled") return yield* Effect.fail(new Error("Task cancelled"))
             return {
               title: params.description,
               metadata,
-              output: renderOutput({ sessionID: nextSession.id, state: "completed", text: result?.output ?? "" }),
+              output: renderOutput({ sessionID: nextSession.id, state: "completed", text: result?.info.output ?? "" }),
             }
           }),
         (_, exit) =>
           Effect.gen(function* () {
-            if (Exit.hasInterrupts(exit))
+            if (Exit.hasInterrupts(exit)) yield* Effect.all([cancel, jobs.cancel(nextSession.id)], { discard: true })
-              yield* Effect.all([cancel, background.cancel(nextSession.id)], { discard: true })
           }).pipe(
             Effect.ensuring(
               Effect.sync(() => {

packages/opencode/test/AGENTS.md

@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ Wait on a **published readiness signal**, not wall-clock time. Available afforda
 - `awaitWithTimeout(effect, message, duration?)` from `test/lib/effect.ts` — wrap any effect with `Effect.timeoutOrElse` and a custom error message.
 - `llm.wait(n)` from `test/lib/llm-server.ts` — wait until the mock LLM has received `n` HTTP calls.
 - `SessionStatus.Service` `.get(sessionID)` — observable per-session state (`{ type: "busy" | "idle" | ... }`).
-- `BackgroundJob.wait({ id, timeout })` from `src/background/job.ts` — wait for a background job to complete.
+- `Job.wait({ id, timeout })` from `src/job.ts` — wait for a job to complete.
 - Bus subscriptions — fork `Stream.runForEach(bus.subscribe(Event), ...)` and open a `Latch` inside the callback to signal first-event readiness.
 - `Deferred.await(deferred).pipe(Effect.timeoutOrElse(...))` for one-shot signals.
 

packages/opencode/test/background/job.test.ts

@@ -1,243 +0,0 @@
-import { describe, expect } from "bun:test"
-import { Deferred, Effect } from "effect"
-import { BackgroundJob } from "@/background/job"
-import { testEffect } from "../lib/effect"
-
-const it = testEffect(BackgroundJob.defaultLayer)
-
-describe("background.job", () => {
-  it.instance("tracks started jobs through completion", () =>
-    Effect.gen(function* () {
-      const jobs = yield* BackgroundJob.Service
-      const latch = yield* Deferred.make<void>()
-      const job = yield* jobs.start({
-        type: "test",
-        title: "test job",
-        run: Deferred.await(latch).pipe(Effect.as("done")),
-      })
-
-      expect(job.id.startsWith("job_")).toBe(true)
-      expect(job.status).toBe("running")
-      expect(job.title).toBe("test job")
-
-      yield* Deferred.succeed(latch, undefined)
-      const done = yield* jobs.wait({ id: job.id })
-
-      expect(done.timedOut).toBe(false)
-      expect(done.info?.status).toBe("completed")
-      expect(done.info?.output).toBe("done")
-      expect((yield* jobs.list()).map((item) => item.id)).toEqual([job.id])
-    }),
-  )
-
-  it.instance("returns a running snapshot when wait times out", () =>
-    Effect.gen(function* () {
-      const jobs = yield* BackgroundJob.Service
-      const job = yield* jobs.start({
-        type: "test",
-        run: Effect.never,
-      })
-
-      const result = yield* jobs.wait({ id: job.id, timeout: 1 })
-
-      expect(result.timedOut).toBe(true)
-      expect(result.info?.status).toBe("running")
-    }),
-  )
-
-  it.instance("deduplicates concurrent starts for a running id", () =>
-    Effect.gen(function* () {
-      const jobs = yield* BackgroundJob.Service
-      const started = yield* Deferred.make<void>()
-      const id = "job_test"
-      const [first, second] = yield* Effect.all(
-        [
-          jobs.start({
-            id,
-            type: "test",
-            run: Deferred.succeed(started, undefined).pipe(Effect.andThen(Effect.never)),
-          }),
-          jobs.start({
-            id,
-            type: "test",
-            run: Effect.fail(new Error("duplicate started")),
-          }),
-        ],
-        { concurrency: "unbounded" },
-      )
-
-      yield* Deferred.await(started)
-
-      expect(first.id).toBe(id)
-      expect(second.id).toBe(id)
-      expect(first.status).toBe("running")
-      expect(second.status).toBe("running")
-      expect((yield* jobs.list()).map((item) => item.id)).toEqual([id])
-
-      yield* jobs.cancel(id)
-    }),
-  )
-
-  it.instance("waits for extensions before completing a running job", () =>
-    Effect.gen(function* () {
-      const jobs = yield* BackgroundJob.Service
-      const first = yield* Deferred.make<void>()
-      const second = yield* Deferred.make<void>()
-      const job = yield* jobs.start({
-        type: "test",
-        run: Deferred.await(first).pipe(Effect.as("first")),
-      })
-
-      expect(yield* jobs.extend({ id: job.id, run: Deferred.await(second).pipe(Effect.as("second")) })).toBe(true)
-      yield* Deferred.succeed(first, undefined)
-      expect((yield* jobs.get(job.id))?.status).toBe("running")
-
-      yield* Deferred.succeed(second, undefined)
-      const done = yield* jobs.wait({ id: job.id })
-      expect(done.info?.status).toBe("completed")
-      expect(done.info?.output).toBe("second")
-    }),
-  )
-
-  it.instance("runs extensions after earlier work completes", () =>
-    Effect.gen(function* () {
-      const jobs = yield* BackgroundJob.Service
-      const first = yield* Deferred.make<void>()
-      const order: string[] = []
-      const job = yield* jobs.start({
-        type: "test",
-        run: Effect.sync(() => order.push("start")).pipe(Effect.andThen(Deferred.await(first)), Effect.as("first")),
-      })
-
-      expect(
-        yield* jobs.extend({
-          id: job.id,
-          run: Effect.sync(() => order.push("extend")).pipe(Effect.as("second")),
-        }),
-      ).toBe(true)
-      yield* Effect.yieldNow
-      expect(order).toEqual(["start"])
-
-      yield* Deferred.succeed(first, undefined)
-      expect((yield* jobs.wait({ id: job.id })).info?.output).toBe("second")
-      expect(order).toEqual(["start", "extend"])
-    }),
-  )
-
-  it.instance("rejects extensions after a job completes", () =>
-    Effect.gen(function* () {
-      const jobs = yield* BackgroundJob.Service
-      const job = yield* jobs.start({ type: "test", run: Effect.succeed("done") })
-      yield* jobs.wait({ id: job.id })
-
-      expect(yield* jobs.extend({ id: job.id, run: Effect.succeed("late") })).toBe(false)
-      expect((yield* jobs.get(job.id))?.output).toBe("done")
-    }),
-  )
-
-  it.instance("records failed jobs", () =>
-    Effect.gen(function* () {
-      const jobs = yield* BackgroundJob.Service
-      const job = yield* jobs.start({
-        type: "test",
-        run: Effect.fail(new Error("boom")),
-      })
-
-      const result = yield* jobs.wait({ id: job.id })
-
-      expect(result.info?.status).toBe("error")
-      expect(result.info?.error).toBe("boom")
-    }),
-  )
-
-  it.instance("ignores stale settlements after restarting a failed job", () =>
-    Effect.gen(function* () {
-      const jobs = yield* BackgroundJob.Service
-      const fail = yield* Deferred.make<void>()
-      const interrupted = yield* Deferred.make<void>()
-      const release = yield* Deferred.make<void>()
-      const id = "job_test"
-      yield* jobs.start({
-        id,
-        type: "test",
-        run: Deferred.await(fail).pipe(Effect.andThen(Effect.fail(new Error("boom")))),
-      })
-      yield* jobs.extend({
-        id,
-        run: Effect.never.pipe(
-          Effect.ensuring(Deferred.succeed(interrupted, undefined).pipe(Effect.andThen(Deferred.await(release)))),
-        ),
-      })
-
-      yield* Deferred.succeed(fail, undefined)
-      expect((yield* jobs.wait({ id })).info?.status).toBe("error")
-      yield* Deferred.await(interrupted)
-      yield* jobs.start({ id, type: "test", run: Effect.never })
-
-      yield* Deferred.succeed(release, undefined)
-      yield* Effect.yieldNow
-      expect((yield* jobs.get(id))?.status).toBe("running")
-      yield* jobs.cancel(id)
-    }),
-  )
-
-  it.instance("can cancel running jobs", () =>
-    Effect.gen(function* () {
-      const jobs = yield* BackgroundJob.Service
-      const interrupted = yield* Deferred.make<void>()
-      const job = yield* jobs.start({
-        type: "test",
-        run: Effect.never.pipe(Effect.ensuring(Deferred.succeed(interrupted, undefined))),
-      })
-      yield* jobs.extend({
-        id: job.id,
-        run: Effect.never,
-      })
-
-      const cancelled = yield* jobs.cancel(job.id)
-
-      expect(cancelled?.status).toBe("cancelled")
-      yield* Deferred.await(interrupted).pipe(Effect.timeout("1 second"))
-      expect((yield* jobs.get(job.id))?.status).toBe("cancelled")
-    }),
-  )
-
-  it.instance("promotes running jobs without interrupting them", () =>
-    Effect.gen(function* () {
-      const jobs = yield* BackgroundJob.Service
-      const latch = yield* Deferred.make<void>()
-      const promoted = yield* Deferred.make<void>()
-      const job = yield* jobs.start({
-        type: "test",
-        metadata: { parentSessionId: "parent" },
-        onPromote: Deferred.succeed(promoted, undefined).pipe(Effect.asVoid),
-        run: Deferred.await(latch).pipe(Effect.as("done")),
-      })
-
-      const info = yield* jobs.promote(job.id)
-
-      expect(info?.status).toBe("running")
-      expect(info?.metadata?.background).toBe(true)
-      yield* Deferred.await(promoted)
-      expect((yield* jobs.get(job.id))?.status).toBe("running")
-
-      yield* Deferred.succeed(latch, undefined)
-      expect((yield* jobs.wait({ id: job.id })).info?.output).toBe("done")
-    }),
-  )
-
-  it.instance("returns immutable snapshots", () =>
-    Effect.gen(function* () {
-      const jobs = yield* BackgroundJob.Service
-      const job = yield* jobs.start({
-        type: "test",
-        metadata: { value: "initial" },
-        run: Effect.succeed("done"),
-      })
-
-      if (job.metadata) job.metadata.value = "changed"
-
-      expect((yield* jobs.get(job.id))?.metadata?.value).toBe("initial")
-    }),
-  )
-})

packages/opencode/test/job.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,131 @@
+import { describe, expect } from "bun:test"
+import { Deferred, Effect, Fiber } from "effect"
+import { Job } from "@/job"
+import { SessionSchema } from "@opencode-ai/core/session/schema"
+import { testEffect } from "./lib/effect"
+
+const it = testEffect(Job.defaultLayer)
+
+describe("job", () => {
+  it.instance("tracks started jobs through completion", () =>
+    Effect.gen(function* () {
+      const jobs = yield* Job.Service
+      const latch = yield* Deferred.make<void>()
+      const job = yield* jobs.start({
+        type: "test",
+        title: "test job",
+        run: Deferred.await(latch).pipe(Effect.as("done")),
+      })
+
+      expect(job.id.startsWith("job_")).toBe(true)
+      expect(job.status).toBe("running")
+      expect(job.title).toBe("test job")
+
+      yield* Deferred.succeed(latch, undefined)
+      const done = yield* jobs.wait({ id: job.id })
+
+      expect(done.timedOut).toBe(false)
+      expect(done.info?.status).toBe("completed")
+      expect(done.info?.output).toBe("done")
+      expect((yield* jobs.list()).map((item) => item.id)).toEqual([job.id])
+    }),
+  )
+
+  it.instance("returns a running snapshot when wait times out", () =>
+    Effect.gen(function* () {
+      const jobs = yield* Job.Service
+      const job = yield* jobs.start({ type: "test", run: Effect.never })
+
+      const result = yield* jobs.wait({ id: job.id, timeout: 1 })
+
+      expect(result.timedOut).toBe(true)
+      expect(result.info?.status).toBe("running")
+    }),
+  )
+
+  it.instance("deduplicates concurrent starts for a running id", () =>
+    Effect.gen(function* () {
+      const jobs = yield* Job.Service
+      const started = yield* Deferred.make<void>()
+      const id = "job_test"
+      const [first, second] = yield* Effect.all(
+        [
+          jobs.start({
+            id,
+            type: "test",
+            run: Deferred.succeed(started, undefined).pipe(Effect.andThen(Effect.never)),
+          }),
+          jobs.start({ id, type: "test", run: Effect.fail(new Error("duplicate started")) }),
+        ],
+        { concurrency: "unbounded" },
+      )
+
+      yield* Deferred.await(started)
+
+      expect(first.id).toBe(id)
+      expect(second.id).toBe(id)
+      expect(first.status).toBe("running")
+      expect(second.status).toBe("running")
+      expect((yield* jobs.list()).map((item) => item.id)).toEqual([id])
+
+      yield* jobs.cancel(id)
+    }),
+  )
+
+  it.instance("records failed jobs", () =>
+    Effect.gen(function* () {
+      const jobs = yield* Job.Service
+      const job = yield* jobs.start({ type: "test", run: Effect.fail(new Error("boom")) })
+
+      const result = yield* jobs.wait({ id: job.id })
+
+      expect(result.info?.status).toBe("error")
+      expect(result.info?.error).toBe("boom")
+    }),
+  )
+
+  it.instance("can cancel running jobs", () =>
+    Effect.gen(function* () {
+      const jobs = yield* Job.Service
+      const interrupted = yield* Deferred.make<void>()
+      const job = yield* jobs.start({
+        type: "test",
+        run: Effect.never.pipe(Effect.ensuring(Deferred.succeed(interrupted, undefined))),
+      })
+
+      const cancelled = yield* jobs.cancel(job.id)
+
+      expect(cancelled?.status).toBe("cancelled")
+      yield* Deferred.await(interrupted).pipe(Effect.timeout("1 second"))
+      expect((yield* jobs.get(job.id))?.status).toBe("cancelled")
+    }),
+  )
+
+  it.instance("releases blocking waits when backgrounded", () =>
+    Effect.gen(function* () {
+      const jobs = yield* Job.Service
+      const latch = yield* Deferred.make<void>()
+      const job = yield* jobs.start({ type: "test", run: Deferred.await(latch).pipe(Effect.as("done")) })
+      const waiting = yield* jobs
+        .block({ id: job.id, sessionID: SessionSchema.ID.make("ses_parent") })
+        .pipe(Effect.forkChild)
+
+      expect(yield* jobs.background(job.id)).toMatchObject({ id: job.id, status: "running" })
+      expect(yield* Fiber.join(waiting)).toMatchObject({ type: "backgrounded", info: { id: job.id } })
+
+      yield* Deferred.succeed(latch, undefined)
+      expect((yield* jobs.wait({ id: job.id })).info?.output).toBe("done")
+    }),
+  )
+
+  it.instance("returns immutable snapshots", () =>
+    Effect.gen(function* () {
+      const jobs = yield* Job.Service
+      const job = yield* jobs.start({ type: "test", metadata: { value: "initial" }, run: Effect.succeed("done") })
+
+      if (job.metadata) job.metadata.value = "changed"
+
+      expect((yield* jobs.get(job.id))?.metadata?.value).toBe("initial")
+    }),
+  )
+})

packages/opencode/test/server/session-list.test.ts

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ import { testEffect } from "../lib/effect"
 import { EventV2Bridge } from "@/event-v2-bridge"
 import { Storage } from "@/storage/storage"
 import { RuntimeFlags } from "@/effect/runtime-flags"
-import { BackgroundJob } from "@/background/job"
+import { Job } from "@/job"
 
 const layer = (experimentalWorkspaces: boolean) =>
   Layer.mergeAll(
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ const layer = (experimentalWorkspaces: boolean) =>
       Layer.provide(EventV2Bridge.defaultLayer),
       Layer.provide(SessionProjector.defaultLayer),
       Layer.provide(RuntimeFlags.layer({ experimentalWorkspaces })),
-      Layer.provide(BackgroundJob.defaultLayer),
+      Layer.provide(Job.defaultLayer),
     ),
   )
 const it = testEffect(layer(false))

packages/opencode/test/session/prompt.test.ts

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ import path from "path"
 import { fileURLToPath } from "url"
 import { NamedError } from "@opencode-ai/core/util/error"
 import { Agent as AgentSvc } from "../../src/agent/agent"
-import { BackgroundJob } from "@/background/job"
+import { Job } from "@/job"
 import { Command } from "../../src/command"
 import { Config } from "@/config/config"
 import { LSP } from "@/lsp/lsp"
@@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ function makePrompt(input?: { mcpInstructions?: MCP.ServerInstructions[]; proces
     lsp,
     makeMcp(input?.mcpInstructions),
     FSUtil.defaultLayer,
-    BackgroundJob.defaultLayer,
+    Job.defaultLayer,
     status,
     Database.defaultLayer,
     EventV2Bridge.defaultLayer,

packages/opencode/test/session/session.test.ts

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ import { provideInstance, testInstanceStoreLayer, tmpdirScoped } from "../fixtur
 import { testEffect } from "../lib/effect"
 import { Storage } from "@/storage/storage"
 import { RuntimeFlags } from "@/effect/runtime-flags"
-import { BackgroundJob } from "@/background/job"
+import { Job } from "@/job"
 import { EventV2Bridge } from "@/event-v2-bridge"
 import { GlobalBus } from "@/bus/global"
 
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ const it = testEffect(
       Layer.provideMerge(EventV2Bridge.defaultLayer),
       Layer.provide(SessionProjector.defaultLayer),
       Layer.provide(RuntimeFlags.layer({ experimentalWorkspaces: false })),
-      Layer.provide(BackgroundJob.defaultLayer),
+      Layer.provide(Job.defaultLayer),
     ),
     CrossSpawnSpawner.defaultLayer,
     testInstanceStoreLayer,

packages/opencode/test/tool/task.test.ts

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { SessionV1 } from "@opencode-ai/core/v1/session"
 import { Database } from "@opencode-ai/core/database/database"
 import { Deferred, Effect, Exit, Fiber, Layer } from "effect"
 import { Agent } from "../../src/agent/agent"
-import { BackgroundJob } from "@/background/job"
+import { Job } from "@/job"
 import { EventV2Bridge } from "@/event-v2-bridge"
 import { Config } from "@/config/config"
 import { CrossSpawnSpawner } from "@opencode-ai/core/cross-spawn-spawner"
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ import { Truncate } from "@/tool/truncate"
 import { ToolRegistry } from "@/tool/registry"
 import { RuntimeFlags } from "@/effect/runtime-flags"
 import { disposeAllInstances } from "../fixture/fixture"
-import { testEffect } from "../lib/effect"
+import { pollWithTimeout, testEffect } from "../lib/effect"
 import { ProviderV2 } from "@opencode-ai/core/provider"
 import { ModelV2 } from "@opencode-ai/core/model"
 
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ const ref = {
 const layer = (flags: Partial<RuntimeFlags.Info> = {}) =>
   Layer.mergeAll(
     Agent.defaultLayer,
-    BackgroundJob.defaultLayer,
+    Job.defaultLayer,
     EventV2Bridge.defaultLayer,
     Config.defaultLayer,
     CrossSpawnSpawner.defaultLayer,
@@ -480,9 +480,9 @@ describe("tool.task", () => {
     }),
   )
 
-  it.instance("promotes a running foreground task without restarting it", () =>
+  it.instance("backgrounds a running foreground task without restarting it", () =>
     Effect.gen(function* () {
-      const jobs = yield* BackgroundJob.Service
+      const jobs = yield* Job.Service
       const { chat, assistant } = yield* seed()
       const tool = yield* TaskTool
       const def = yield* tool.init()
@@ -531,7 +531,12 @@ describe("tool.task", () => {
       expect(job).toBeDefined()
       if (!job) throw new Error("task job not found")
       expect(job.metadata?.parentSessionId).toBe(chat.id)
-      yield* jobs.promote(job.id)
+      yield* pollWithTimeout(
+        jobs
+          .backgroundAll({ sessionID: chat.id, type: "task" })
+          .pipe(Effect.map((backgrounded) => (backgrounded.length > 0 ? backgrounded : undefined))),
+        "task never blocked the parent session",
+      )
 
       const result = yield* Fiber.join(fiber)
       expect(result.metadata.background).toBe(true)
@@ -548,7 +553,7 @@ describe("tool.task", () => {
 
   background.instance("execute launches background tasks without waiting for completion", () =>
     Effect.gen(function* () {
-      const jobs = yield* BackgroundJob.Service
+      const jobs = yield* Job.Service
       const { chat, assistant } = yield* seed()
       const tool = yield* TaskTool
       const def = yield* tool.init()
@@ -584,15 +589,13 @@ describe("tool.task", () => {
     }),
   )
 
-  background.instance("background task completion waits for running updates", () =>
+  background.instance("running task_id reports the existing background task", () =>
     Effect.gen(function* () {
-      const jobs = yield* BackgroundJob.Service
+      const jobs = yield* Job.Service
       const { chat, assistant } = yield* seed()
       const tool = yield* TaskTool
       const def = yield* tool.init()
       const first = defer<void>()
-      const second = defer<void>()
-      const updated = defer<SessionPrompt.PromptInput>()
       const injected = defer<SessionPrompt.PromptInput>()
       let prompts = 0
       const promptOps: TaskPromptOps = {
@@ -603,9 +606,7 @@ describe("tool.task", () => {
             return Effect.succeed(reply(input, "done"))
           }
           prompts++
-          if (prompts === 1) return Effect.promise(() => first.promise).pipe(Effect.as(reply(input, "first done")))
+          return Effect.promise(() => first.promise).pipe(Effect.as(reply(input, "first done")))
-          updated.resolve(input)
-          return Effect.promise(() => second.promise).pipe(Effect.as(reply(input, "second done")))
         },
       }
       const context = {
@@ -640,27 +641,22 @@ describe("tool.task", () => {
 
       expect(result.metadata.sessionId).toBe(started.metadata.sessionId)
       expect(result.metadata.background).toBe(true)
-      expect(result.output).toContain("Background task updated")
+      expect(result.output).toContain("Background task already running")
+      expect(prompts).toBe(1)
       first.resolve()
-      expect((yield* jobs.get(started.metadata.sessionId))?.status).toBe("running")
-      expect((yield* Effect.promise(() => updated.promise)).parts).toEqual([
-        { type: "text", text: "also inspect cancellation" },
-      ])
-
-      second.resolve()
       const waited = yield* jobs.wait({ id: started.metadata.sessionId, timeout: 1_000 })
       expect(waited.info?.status).toBe("completed")
-      expect(waited.info?.output).toBe("second done")
+      expect(waited.info?.output).toBe("first done")
       const notification = yield* Effect.promise(() => injected.promise)
       expect(notification.variant).toBe("xhigh")
       expect(notification.parts[0]?.type).toBe("text")
-      if (notification.parts[0]?.type === "text") expect(notification.parts[0].text).toContain("second done")
+      if (notification.parts[0]?.type === "text") expect(notification.parts[0].text).toContain("first done")
     }),
   )
 
-  background.instance("background tasks complete through the background job service", () =>
+  background.instance("background tasks complete through the job service", () =>
     Effect.gen(function* () {
-      const jobs = yield* BackgroundJob.Service
+      const jobs = yield* Job.Service
       const { chat, assistant } = yield* seed()
       const tool = yield* TaskTool
       const def = yield* tool.init()
@@ -693,7 +689,7 @@ describe("tool.task", () => {
 
   background.instance("background task completion does not wait for the parent async prompt", () =>
     Effect.gen(function* () {
-      const jobs = yield* BackgroundJob.Service
+      const jobs = yield* Job.Service
       const { chat, assistant } = yield* seed()
       const tool = yield* TaskTool
       const def = yield* tool.init()
@@ -731,7 +727,7 @@ describe("tool.task", () => {
 
   background.instance("removing the parent session cancels running background tasks", () =>
     Effect.gen(function* () {
-      const jobs = yield* BackgroundJob.Service
+      const jobs = yield* Job.Service
       const sessions = yield* Session.Service
       const { chat, assistant } = yield* seed()
       const tool = yield* TaskTool
@@ -770,7 +766,7 @@ describe("tool.task", () => {
 
   background.instance("removing the child task session cancels its running background task", () =>
     Effect.gen(function* () {
-      const jobs = yield* BackgroundJob.Service
+      const jobs = yield* Job.Service
       const sessions = yield* Session.Service
       const { chat, assistant } = yield* seed()
       const tool = yield* TaskTool
@@ -809,7 +805,7 @@ describe("tool.task", () => {
 
   background.instance("cancelling the parent run cancels running background tasks", () =>
     Effect.gen(function* () {
-      const jobs = yield* BackgroundJob.Service
+      const jobs = yield* Job.Service
       const runState = yield* SessionRunState.Service
       const { chat, assistant } = yield* seed()
       const tool = yield* TaskTool
@@ -848,7 +844,7 @@ describe("tool.task", () => {
 
   it.instance("cancelling a child run cancels its own pre-runner task job", () =>
     Effect.gen(function* () {
-      const jobs = yield* BackgroundJob.Service
+      const jobs = yield* Job.Service
       const runState = yield* SessionRunState.Service
       const sessions = yield* Session.Service
       const { chat } = yield* seed()
@@ -869,7 +865,7 @@ describe("tool.task", () => {
 
   it.instance("cancelling a parent run recursively cancels descendant background tasks", () =>
     Effect.gen(function* () {
-      const jobs = yield* BackgroundJob.Service
+      const jobs = yield* Job.Service
       const runState = yield* SessionRunState.Service
       const sessions = yield* Session.Service
       const { chat } = yield* seed()

specs/v2/schema-changelog.md

@@ -690,7 +690,7 @@ Affected schema:
 Change:
 
 - Remove the optional `background` bash parameter and process-local background settlement shape from the shipped tool.
-- Retain the internal `BackgroundJob` prototype for a later integration slice.
+- Retain the internal `Job` prototype for a later integration slice.
 
 Reason:
 

specs/v2/todo.md

@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ Next reviewed slices:
   remaining one-turn native-adapter use with a narrow typed dispatcher
 - batch streamed deltas and add covering context indexes
 - expose replayable Session event cursors over HTTP and the generated SDK where remote consumers need them
-- integrate the new BackgroundJob service with V2 tool execution: support background
+- integrate the new Job service with V2 tool execution: support background
   bash jobs and background agent dispatch with durable status observation,
   completion delivery, and explicit cancellation / continuation semantics
 - add durable/clustered interruption, retries, and stale-owner fencing only as